ABSTRACT
The incidence of coronary heart disease is increasing year by year, seriously threatening human health and interests. Plaque rupture and abnormal activation of platelets are key links in the pathogenesis, and they are also the initiators of coronary heart disease. Therefore, timely and effective inhibition of platelet activation is important in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease. Antiplatelet therapy is an important cornerstone of coronary heart disease treatment. It can not only effectively and significantly reduce the incidence of atherosclerotic ischemic events, but also can reduce the risk of complications after stent implantation. Aspirin combined with clopidogrel is the basis of antiplatelet therapy for patients with coronary heart disease, but the new P2Y12 receptor antagonist ticagrelor is superior to clopidogrel for patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, the latest research results show that East Asian patients with coronary heart disease are prone to bleeding after taking ticagrelor. This makes the application of ticagrelor in East Asian patients unclear. In this paper, the current clinical studies on thromboxane A2 inhibitors, P2Y12 receptor antagonists, glycoprotein (GP) Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor inhibitors, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors were reviewed, and the benefits and risks of oral antiplatelet therapy were analyzed to provide new perspectives and ideas for related clinical treatment.